The relevance of the issue of phytopathogenic pressure on spring wheat crops in the northeastern region of Kazakhstan (Pavlodar region) is driven by both agroecological and economic factors. The Pavlodar region is one of the key grain-producing areas in the country, particularly for spring wheat, which serves as a cornerstone of Kazakhstan’s food security and export potential. At the same time, the high concentration of grain cultivation, repeated use of the same fields, climate change, increasing frequency of extreme weather events, and insufficient compliance with phytosanitary standards contribute to growing phytopathogenic pressure and declining yields.

The phytosanitary condition of agrocenoses is largely determined not only by meteorological conditions and varietal characteristics of wheat, but also by the quality of seed material, the degree of soil infection, adherence to agronomic practices, and the plant protection system in use. Among the most harmful components of the phytocenosis are fungi of the genera Fusarium, Bipolaris, Alternaria, Tilletia, and others, which cause root rot, smut, leaf spot, rust, and bacterial-viral diseases.

The objective of the research is to summarise data on the species composition and biological characteristics of phytopathogens common on spring wheat under the conditions of northeastern Kazakhstan; to describe disease symptoms and harmfulness; and to present the results of phytosanitary monitoring of seeds, soils, and above-ground plant organs. The study materials are based on field surveys, laboratory analyses, and bioindication methods conducted in typical agricultural enterprises of the Pavlodar region.

The practical significance of the work lies in the accumulation and systematisation of data necessary for the future development of scientifically grounded approaches to the diagnosis, prevention, and control of wheat diseases, taking into account environmental, varietal, and agrotechnological factors. The findings may be used by specialists in crop production, plant protection, breeding, as well as in the educational process for training students at agricultural universities.

The research was carried out within the framework of a grant from the Science Committee of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan (IRN AP23485162 "Development of an innovative method for monitoring and early diagnosis of grain crop diseases using hyperspectral sensing technology").