The specificity of social psychology (SP) as a scientific discipline emerged at the intersection of psychology and sociology. The subject of social psychology studies of the behavior and activities of people, due to their inclusion in social groups, as well as the study of the psychological characteristics of these groups. In the 20 years of the twentieth century. in the history of Russian social psychology called the first stage of the discussions on the subject of social psychology (on the content of science, what it represents and whether the status of an independent science).

According to Kornilov, psychology should be united, but it is necessary to investigate the behavior of the person in the team (now the team is a group). He suggests using reactology method. Kornilov believes that any team – united response of all its members on what – that a single stimulus and therefore: the task of psychology – a change in the rate of this reaction, the reaction force and the study of the dynamics of this reaction. It is unfortunate for Kornilov: staff – this is the amount a single reaction.

Bekhterev at the time created its direction reflexology. Within this framework it proposes to allocate collective reflexology. Collective reflexology should be directed: to study the behavior of the team; to study the behavior of the person in the team; to study the question of the conditions that contribute to the team.

The staff – the whole is something in which there is a new quality, which is possible only in the interaction of people.

The results of the discussions: 1 stage. SP as an independent science does not stand out. Causes: is purely ideological, political. In the middle of '60 beginning stage 2 discussion. The question that the joint venture must exist as an independent science, but raised the question: what kind of phenomenon should be studied JV. Some participants suggested that the study of mass–phenomena of large groups. Other experts determined the subject of the joint venture as a person in the group. In the first place – it is the interaction in the group, communication and attitude. Finally, the second extremes together and become the subject of a joint venture and large groups, and a person in the group.

Three points of view. The first point of view: the joint venture is the science of the phenomena of mass–mind. Accordingly, the objectives of the joint venture was proposed: – study groups, their psychological parameters. Particular attention is to study large groups: – the study of the formation of public opinion. This view gained currency among sociologists. It is proposed to study social psychology and social consciousness. The second point of view: the psychological approach. According to the subject of the joint venture to become a person. Personality in the JV: the representatives of this trend examined in the context of its study of the groups to which it belongs. The object of study is the individual in the group. Problems of social psychology:

• examination of the situation of the individual in the group;
• is necessary to examine the system of interpersonal relations;
• the study of the process of communication in the group;
• the creation of social – psychological personality typology.

The first and second terms of polar. The third definition is the synthesis of the previous two. SP should study and massive psychological processes and personality in the group.

On the limits of the joint venture with parent disciplines offered several options boundaries release, version 4:

• the joint venture is included in psychology, it is part of, the industry;
• the joint venture is a branch of sociology. the inclusion of the joint venture to one of the parent disciplines called central disciplinary approach;
• a joint venture located at the intersection of sociology and psychology, but the joint venture is exploring the same issues and problems, which are discussed in the parent disciplines: identity, problems of a small group;
• the joint venture is between the parent disciplines of psychology and sociology, and thus at the joint venture has its own problems, the study questions.

The third and fourth possible to study an interdisciplinary approach to the definition of the boundaries of the joint venture. All 4 viewpoint coexist.

Outcome 2 stage discussions summed at the II All – Union Congress of psychologists, held in 1963. He discussed the idea of the joint venture subject. I consider the question of the limits of the joint venture with the psychology and sociology, the separation from its parent disciplines. The result of the discussion becomes, by the end of 60, top 70's in our country created in 1968 by the Department of the joint venture, first on the basis of the Leningrad University, in 1972 – at the Faculty of Psychology of Moscow University: the beginning of the study of systematic research and training corresponding profile. Tasks J. Parigin:

• the study of personality characteristics of the joint venture;
• the study of psychological communities and communication;
• the study of social relations;
• the study of various forms of spiritual activity;
• the mental side of the processes taking place in society.

Characterization methods of social psychology methods of group 2.

1. Research methods used in practical studies, the study of phenomena. The first – the methods of data collection, the second – methods of data processing. The first – the collection: observation methods used in the joint venture is extremely rare as an independent. It acts as an additional. If alone, it is used as the included field observations. Test method (test), presented in the form of test – questionnaire. The focus of the test – questionnaire structure of value orientations of the individual, the system settings and test methods, aimed at studying the relationship of structure presented in a small group. Sociometric methods and uses, various modifications of this test.

The experimental method. It is a laboratory method, as an object of research are small groups. The most common was in a foreign joint venture. The survey is widely used in the social – psychological research. Available in different versions: a survey (full – time and part – time), individually and in groups: oral questioning or interview. Apply individual and group; focused and not focused (meaning one topic or different); standardized and non–standardized.

Analysis of the products. Most analysis is presented in document form – any type of media (video, audio, printed matter), the study of advertising in political psychology. Processing: A qualitative analysis procedures. Analysis of individual episodes, individual cases. Rarely used, but allows you to get information.

Quantitative analysis procedures: statistical processing of the data collected. Used quantitatively and statistically. Methods of content – analysis that characterizes the qualitative and quantitative method of treatment. First released quality category, which studies the area of psychic reality, then the quantitative calculation of occurrence of these categories, and draws conclusions. It allows you to make an implicit, hidden content.

2. The impact of methods that are applied in practical joint venture to provide psychological support. The goal – a change in the use of behavior, opinions, attitudes, attitudes that exist in humans. advisory conversation method – an individual form of the work of the psychologist with the client. The active form of work with the group – social – psychological training. It is aimed at changing interpersonal relations, communication skills. Social – psychological training involves the option of discussion. These methods can be used to collect data. Place the joint venture: association with sociology, psychology, history, philosophy, law – virtually all humanitarian disciplines unit.

Control questions

1. The evolution of ideas on the subject of social psychology. The problems studied social psychology.
2. The place of social psychology in the system of human knowledge, and the relationship with other psychological disciplines.
3. The role and importance of social psychology in solving contemporary problems of man and society.
4. Basic theoretical orientation of modern social psychology and their characteristics.
5. Development of social and psychological ideas, development and conducting theoretical and applied research in the field of social psychology in the Republic of Kazakhstan.